Crane_Dongguan Taide Huafu Crane Equipment Co., Ltd. _Crane

Emergency Response Plan for Dangerous Accidents in Crane Workshop

1. The distribution and general situation of cranes 1 1. The distribution of cranes: 1 2. Basic overview: 2 2. Compilation purpose 2 3. Compilation basis 2 4. Scope of application 2 5. Working principles 3 6. Emergency rescue organization and responsibilities 3 1. Emergency rescue organization 3 2. Responsibilities of emergency rescue posts 5 7. Emergency rescue resources 7 1. Emergency personnel 7 2. Emergency equipment 7 3. Emergency funds and material supply 7 8. Emergency measures 8 1. The ladle is hoisted to Before and after the furnace, it was found that the gantry hook was not hung into the trunnion of the iron ladle 8 2. The main hook wire rope of the crane was out of the groove during iron exchange 8 3. The main and auxiliary hook wire ropes or the gantry hook were found to be broken during the operation of the crane crane or the iron ladle. Severe damage to the hook piece, etc. 9 4. During the operation of the crane crane ladle and the molten iron, the ladle is worn through 10 5. During the operation of the crane crane ladle, the main hook suddenly drops 11 6. Occurs when the crane’s main hook rises Rushing to the top 11 7. The crane was suddenly powered off during operation 12 8. The crane’s electrical fires 13 9. The wire rope buckle was unhooked or broken when lifting heavy objects on the continuous casting cranes 14 10. The ladle piercing accident: 15 11. The operation where the hoisting brake suddenly fails when the crane is hoisting heavy objects at high altitude 15 12. When adding scrap or ironing, the converter has a large blowout or bursting operation 16 13. The first aid plan for electric shock accidents of the crane driver 16 IX. Hazard identification and disaster consequence prediction 18 1. Crane hazard analysis and identification 18 2. Disaster consequence prediction of accidents 19 10. Early warning and prevention mechanism 20 1. Early warning mechanism 20 2?, daily monitoring measures for key equipment 20 3?, hidden dangers of accidents The handling measures 20 4?, the handling procedures when the development of the situation exceeds the control capacity. 20 XI. Emergency response 21 1. Internal reporting procedures after an accident 21 2. Emergency handling when cranes occur in a dangerous state 21 3. Accident confirmation, analysis and rescue procedures 23 4. Accident external reporting procedures 24 5. Accident monitoring Measures 24 6. Personnel evacuation and placement principles, measures and starting conditions 24 7. Vigilance requirements at the accident site 25 8. Preparations and regulations to protect the safety of emergency rescue personnel 25 12. Accident investigation and on-site recovery 26 1. Accident investigation 26 2 1. On-site recovery 29 13. Training and drill 29 1. Emergency rescue training 29 2. Exercise (drill) 29 Appendix A: Crane mechanical part failure and its cause analysis 30 Appendix B: Crane electrical equipment failure and its cause Analysis? 31 Appendix C? Main instruments and equipment for inspection and testing of hoisting machinery 32 Appendix D: Crane hazard identification and risk control measures 35 Appendix E: Handling measures for hidden dangers of crane accidents 37 Emergency plan for dangerous accidents in crane workshop Based on the current specific conditions of the crane system, in order to ensure that the various potential accidents and risk factors that may occur are effectively controlled. 1. The distribution and general situation of the crane 1. The distribution map of the crane: 2. Basic overview: Existing cranes, single-beam cantilever cranes, and electric hoists. The interior of the main factory building, (including: department, department, ...). The peripheral department, (including: ). 2. The purpose of the preparation is to promote employees to improve their ability to respond to crane accidents, to control and eliminate the hazards of accidents in a timely manner, to minimize the casualties and property losses caused by accidents, to achieve safety first, prevention first, and prevent the expansion of accidents. In accident emergency assistance, we should organize emergency assistance to protect the safety and health of employees, minimize accident losses and the harm to society caused by accidents, and maintain the safety of people's lives and social stability. 3. The preparation basis is based on the "Special Equipment Safety Supervision Regulations", "Crane Safety Supervision Regulations", "Major Hazard Source Identification", "Emergency Response Law of the People's Republic of China" and "Opinions of the State Council on Comprehensively Strengthening Emergency Management Work", etc. Laws, regulations, standards and related regulations shall formulate this plan. 4. Scope of application This plan applies to the special emergency rescue of XXXXXXXX company cranes. 5. Working principles 1. People-oriented, safety first. Always put the protection of the lives of the people in the first place, earnestly do a good job in acciden

Crane installation method

The installation team of hoisting machinery can choose manufacturers with installation qualifications to form a one-stop service mode of manufacturing, installation and commissioning. In addition, the selected installation unit must be a professional team with the "Special Equipment Installation (Maintenance) Safety Approval Certificate" issued by the provincial quality and technical supervision department, and have the installation qualification to install the corresponding lifting capacity. After the installation unit is determined, it should assist the installation unit to handle the special equipment start report before installation, and check whether the installation team’s construction organization plan, installation equipment, installation procedures, technical requirements, concealed project acceptance records during the installation process, and self-inspection reports meet the requirements. . After the installation is completed, the installation unit shall be supervised to conduct a comprehensive self-inspection, operation test, and load test. After confirming that the self-inspection is qualified, apply to a special equipment inspection agency for installation acceptance. It can be put into use only after passing the inspection and obtaining the "Safety Use Permit". After the acceptance is passed, the user should archive the relevant technical data such as the crane's random technical data, installation data and inspection report. In the future, periodic inspections, overhauls, transformations, accident records and other data that occurred in the future are also stored in the safety technical file of the lifting machinery.

Crane

Crane usually refers to a single-beam bridge crane, the English name is Single-beam Crane. The main beams of single-beam crane bridges mostly use I-shaped steel or a combined section of steel and steel plates. Lifting trolleys are often assembled by chain hoists, electric hoists, or hoists as parts of the lifting mechanism. To Application scope Cranes are widely used in workshops, warehouses, stock yards, etc. in machinery manufacturing workshops, metallurgical workshops, petroleum, petrochemical, ports, railways, civil aviation, power stations, papermaking, building materials, electronics and other industries. It has the advantages of compact size, low building clearance, light weight, and small wheel pressure. To Model classification The main models of electric single beam are LDA electric single beam crane, LD electric single beam crane, HD electric single beam crane, LX electric single beam suspension crane, SDXQ manual single beam suspension crane and single beam grab crane. To Operating procedures a. Before a single-beam bridge crane with a cab, the driver takes over and starts to drive, the hooks, wire ropes, safety devices and other components should be inspected according to the requirements of the spot inspection card, and abnormal conditions should be eliminated if they are found. To b. For ground-operated single-beam bridge cranes, each shift should have a special person responsible for inspection according to the requirements of the check card, and abnormal conditions should be eliminated if they are found. To c. The operator must confirm that there is no one on the platform or track before turning on the main power supply. When the power circuit breaker is locked or there is a notice board, the main power supply can be turned on only after the original person concerned removes it.

Crane structure

Ordinary bridge cranes are generally composed of a lifting trolley, a bridge running mechanism, and a bridge metal structure. The hoisting trolley is composed of three parts: a hoisting mechanism, a trolley operating mechanism and a trolley frame. The lifting mechanism includes a motor, a brake, a reducer, a drum and a pulley block. The motor drives the reel to rotate through the reducer, so that the steel wire rope is wound on the reel or lowered from the reel to lift heavy objects. The trolley frame is a frame that supports and installs components such as the lifting mechanism and the trolley running mechanism, and is usually a welded structure. The driving mode of the crane operating mechanism can be divided into two categories: one is centralized drive, that is, a long drive shaft is used to drive the driving wheels on both sides of a motor; the other is driven separately, that is, one driving wheel on each side is used. Electric motor drive. Medium and small bridge cranes mostly use the "three-in-one" driving mode that combines brakes, reducers and motors. Ordinary bridge cranes with large lifting capacity often use universal couplings for easy installation and adjustment. . The crane operating mechanism generally only uses four driving and driven wheels. If the lifting weight is large, the method of increasing the wheels is often used to reduce the wheel pressure. When there are more than four wheels, an articulated balanced frame device must be used to evenly distribute the load of the crane on each wheel. The metal structure of the bridge is composed of main beams and end beams, which are divided into two types: single main beam bridge and double beam bridge. The single main beam bridge is composed of a single main beam and end beams located on both sides of the span, and the double beam bridge is composed of two main beams and end beams. The main beam and the end beam are rigidly connected, and two ends of the end beam are equipped with wheels to support the bridge to run on the elevated frame. The main beam is welded with rails for the operation of the crane trolley. The structural types of the main beams of the bridge are more typical, including box structure, four-truss structure and open-web truss structure. The box structure can be divided into several types: on-track box-shaped double beams, off-track box-shaped double beams, off-track box-shaped single main beams and so on. The box-shaped double beam on the right track is a basic form widely used. The main beam is composed of upper and lower flange plates and vertical webs on both sides. The trolley rails are arranged on the center line of the upper flange plate. Its structure is simple. It is convenient to manufacture and suitable for mass production, but its own weight is relatively large. The cross section of the off-track box-shaped double beam and the off-track box-shaped single main beam are composed of upper and lower flange plates and main and auxiliary webs of unequal thickness. The trolley rails are arranged above the main webs, and the short stiffeners in the box body The slab can be omitted, in which the off-track box-shaped single main beam is replaced by a wide flange box main beam instead of two main beams. The dead weight is small, but the manufacturing is more complicated. The four-truss structure is composed of four plane trusses combined into a closed space structure. The upper horizontal truss surface is generally covered with a platform plate, which has light weight and high rigidity. However, compared with other structures, it has large dimensions, more complex manufacturing, and fatigue. The intensity is low, and it has been less produced. The open-web truss structure is similar to the off-track box-shaped main beam. It is composed of four steel plates to form a closed structure. Except for the main web which is a solid-web I-shaped beam, the other three steel plates are cut into many windows according to the design requirements to form a non-inclined bar. The upper and lower horizontal trusses are covered with platform plates, and the crane operating mechanism and electrical equipment are installed inside the bridge, with lighter weight and large overall rigidity. This is a type that is widely used in China. Ordinary bridge cranes are mainly driven by electric power, which are generally operated in the driver's cab, but also remotely controlled. The lifting capacity can reach 500 tons and the span can reach 60 meters. Simple beam bridge crane is also called beam crane. Its structure is similar to ordinary bridge crane, and its lifting weight, span and working speed are all small. The main beam of the bridge frame is a simple cross-section beam composed of I-beam or other section steel and plate steel. A hand chain hoist or electric hoist is equipped with a simple trolley as a lifting trolley. The trolley generally runs on the lower flange of the I-beam. The bridge frame can run along the track on the elevat

Crane maintenance failure

The crane has brought great efficiency, convenience, and speed in production. However, due to the unsafe factors of machinery, the influence of the on-site use environment and frequency, frequent failures occurred. This paper mainly analyzes the common mechanical failures of cranes to reduce the number of maintenance and realize actual benefits. The following are common mechanical failures and problem analysis of cranes. 1. Wire rope 1. Failure analysis During the operation of the wire rope, the force of each wire rope is very complicated, because the position of each wire in the rope is different. Even under the simplest tensile force, the force distribution between each wire rope is different. The main reason for the wire rope breaking is overload. At the same time, it is also related to the number of windings on the pulley and drum. The process of changing from straight to straight and then from bending to straight, the more times of winding, the easier it is to damage and break; secondly, the breaking of the wire rope is related to the diameter of the bypass pulley, the drum, the working environment, the type of work, and the maintenance. 2. Preventive measures (1) The lifting capacity of the crane during operation should not exceed the rated lifting capacity. (2) The wire rope of the crane should be selected according to the type of work and the environment. The rope core before rope making is dipped with lubricating oil, which can reduce the damage caused by the friction between the steel wires. The double-wound rope has better flexibility, simple manufacture and the most widely used. (3) Regularly lubricate the wire rope. (4) Don't subject the wire rope to sudden impact when the crane is operating. 2. Reel and steel wire rope pressure plate The drum is an important component of the crane, and the wall thinning, holes and fracture failures may occur during use. The cause of these failures is the contact between the reel and the wire rope to squeeze and rub against each other. When the reel is thinned to a certain degree, it will break because it cannot withstand the pressure exerted by the steel wire rope. In order to prevent the occurrence of mechanical accidents such as the reel, in accordance with national standards, the reel’s wall should be replaced in time when its wall wear reaches 20% of the original or cracks occur. Three, reducer gear 1. Failure analysis The reducer is an important transmission component of the crane. The torque is transmitted through gear meshing, and the high-speed operation of the motor is adjusted to the required speed. In the process of transmitting torque, the gear will experience broken teeth, pitting on the tooth surface, tooth surface rubber and , Gear surface wear and other mechanical failures, the causes of gear failures are as follows: (1) Fatigue fracture caused by short-term overload or impact load, repeated bending; (2) The tooth surface is not smooth, there are raised points that cause stress concentration, or the lubricant is not clean; (3) Lubrication failure due to excessive temperature; (4) Wear is caused by hard particles entering the friction surface. (5) Preventive measures (6) The crane cannot be used for lifting, and the starting and braking should be slow and stable. It is forbidden to reverse the vehicle suddenly under non-specified circumstances; (7) The lubricant should be replaced in time, the housing should be cleaned, and the appropriate type of lubricant should be selected at the same time; (8) Always check whether the lubricating oil is clean; if the lubrication is found to be dirty, replace it in time.

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Emergency Response Plan for Dangerous Accidents in Crane Workshop

Crane installation method

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Crane structure

Crane maintenance failure

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