Crane maintenance failure
- Categories:Technology Center
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- Time of issue:2021-07-27 18:46
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Crane maintenance failure
- Categories:Technology Center
- Author:
- Origin:
- Time of issue:2021-07-27 18:46
- Views:
The crane has brought great efficiency, convenience, and speed in production. However, due to the unsafe factors of machinery, the influence of the on-site use environment and frequency, frequent failures occurred. This paper mainly analyzes the common mechanical failures of cranes to reduce the number of maintenance and realize actual benefits. The following are common mechanical failures and problem analysis of cranes.
1. Wire rope
1. Failure analysis
During the operation of the wire rope, the force of each wire rope is very complicated, because the position of each wire in the rope is different. Even under the simplest tensile force, the force distribution between each wire rope is different. The main reason for the wire rope breaking is overload. At the same time, it is also related to the number of windings on the pulley and drum. The process of changing from straight to straight and then from bending to straight, the more times of winding, the easier it is to damage and break; secondly, the breaking of the wire rope is related to the diameter of the bypass pulley, the drum, the working environment, the type of work, and the maintenance.
2. Preventive measures
(1) The lifting capacity of the crane during operation should not exceed the rated lifting capacity.
(2) The wire rope of the crane should be selected according to the type of work and the environment. The rope core before rope making is dipped with lubricating oil, which can reduce the damage caused by the friction between the steel wires. The double-wound rope has better flexibility, simple manufacture and the most widely used.
(3) Regularly lubricate the wire rope.
(4) Don't subject the wire rope to sudden impact when the crane is operating.
2. Reel and steel wire rope pressure plate
The drum is an important component of the crane, and the wall thinning, holes and fracture failures may occur during use. The cause of these failures is the contact between the reel and the wire rope to squeeze and rub against each other. When the reel is thinned to a certain degree, it will break because it cannot withstand the pressure exerted by the steel wire rope. In order to prevent the occurrence of mechanical accidents such as the reel, in accordance with national standards, the reel’s wall should be replaced in time when its wall wear reaches 20% of the original or cracks occur.
Three, reducer gear
1. Failure analysis
The reducer is an important transmission component of the crane. The torque is transmitted through gear meshing, and the high-speed operation of the motor is adjusted to the required speed. In the process of transmitting torque, the gear will experience broken teeth, pitting on the tooth surface, tooth surface rubber and , Gear surface wear and other mechanical failures, the causes of gear failures are as follows:
(1) Fatigue fracture caused by short-term overload or impact load, repeated bending;
(2) The tooth surface is not smooth, there are raised points that cause stress concentration, or the lubricant is not clean;
(3) Lubrication failure due to excessive temperature;
(4) Wear is caused by hard particles entering the friction surface.
(5) Preventive measures
(6) The crane cannot be used for lifting, and the starting and braking should be slow and stable. It is forbidden to reverse the vehicle suddenly under non-specified circumstances;
(7) The lubricant should be replaced in time, the housing should be cleaned, and the appropriate type of lubricant should be selected at the same time;
(8) Always check whether the lubricating oil is clean; if the lubrication is found to be dirty, replace it in time.